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Marshallese

General Info
  ISO 639-3 Code: mah
  latlong: 7.085391,171.37702  Map it!
Properties Values Contributor Comments  
+ 01_Subject Verb Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Ajri ro re=j tutu.
  Gloss: child the.PL.HUMAN 3PL.AGR=PRS swim
  Translation: The children are swimming.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 02_Verb Subject Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Re=j tutu ajri ro.
  Gloss: 3PL.AGR=PRS swim child the.PL.HUMAN
  Translation: The children are swimming.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 03_Verb Object Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Dolly e=ar anōke ļaddik ro.
  Gloss: Dolly 3SG.AGR=PST follow.TR boy the.PL.HUMAN
  Translation: Dolly followed the boys.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 04_Object Verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Kuuj eo e=j dāpij.
  Gloss: cat the.SG 3SG.AGR=PRS hold.TR
  Translation: She is holding the cat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 05_Subject Verb Object Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Leddik eo e=j dāpij kuuj eo.
  Gloss: girl the.SG 3SG.AGR=PRS hold.TR cat the.SG
  Translation: The girl is holding the cat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 06_Subject Object Verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Leddik eo kuuj eo e=j dāpij.
  Gloss: girl the.SG cat the.SG 3SG.AGR=PRS hold.TR
  Translation: The girl is holding the cat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 07_Verb Subject Object No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *E=j dāpij leddik eo kuuj eo
  Gloss: 3SG.AGR=PRS hold.TR girl the.SG cat the.SG
  Translation: The girl is holding the cat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 08_Verb Object Subject No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *E=j dāpij kuuj eo leddik eo.
  Gloss: 3SG.AGR=PRS hold.TR cat the.SG girl the.SG
  Translation: The girl is holding the cat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 09_Object Subject Verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Kuuj eo leddik eo e=j dāpij.
  Gloss: cat the.SG girl the.SG 3SG.AGR=PRS hold.TR
  Translation: The girl is holding the cat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 10_Object Verb Subject No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Kuuj eo e=j dāpij leddik eo.
  Gloss: cat the.SG 3SG.AGR=PRS hold.TR girl the.SG
  Translation: The girl is holding the cat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 11_Adposition Noun_Phrase Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Ri-eonōd ro re=j turon ilo lomaļo eo.
  Gloss: one.who-fish the.PL.HUMAN 3PL.AGR=PRS dive in lagoon the.SG
  Translation: The fishermen are diving in the lagoon.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 12_Noun_Phrase Adposition No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Ri-eonōd ro re=j turon lomaļo eo ilo.
  Gloss: one.who-fish the.PL.HUMAN 3PL.AGR=PRS dive lagoon the.SG in
  Translation: The fishermen are diving in the lagoon.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 13_Adjective Noun No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *kileplep kuj
  Gloss: fat cat
  Translation: fat cat
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 14_Noun Adjective Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: kuj kileplep
  Gloss: cat fat
  Translation: fat cat
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 15_Numeral Noun Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Jilu kidu re=j kōpeļe Isaac.
  Gloss: three dog 3PL.AGR=PRS chase.TR Isaac
  Translation: Three dogs are chasing Isaac.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 16_Noun Numeral Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Kidu ko jilu re=j kōpeļe Isaac.
  Gloss: dog the.pl.nonhuman three 3PL.AGR=PRS chase.TR Isaac
  Translation: The three dogs are chasing Isaac.
  Comment: This order only occurs when the definite determiner is present.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 17_Demonstrative Noun No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *ļeo e=ar jek kaņ wa.
  Gloss: the.man 3SG.AGR=PST make those boat
  Translation: The man made those boats.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 18_Noun Demonstrative Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: ļeo e=ar jek wa kaņ.
  Gloss: the.man 3SG.AGR=PST make boat those
  Translation: The man made those boats.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 19_Possessor Noun No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: jine-n John
  Gloss: mother-3SG.GEN John
  Translation: John's mother
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
  Words: bok eo a-n John
  Gloss: book the.SG GENERAL.POSS.CLF-3SG.GEN John
  Translation: John's book
  Comment: This example contains an alienable noun and therefore a possessive classifier.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 20_Noun Possessor Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: bok eo a-n John
  Gloss: book the.SG GENERAL.POSS.CLF-3SG.GEN John
  Translation: John's book
  Comment: Possessive classifiers are only used with alienable possession.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 21_Pronominal Possessor Noun No Heather Willson Sturman It is unclear whether the pronominal attached to the possessive classifier is a clitic, affix or agreement marker. Forum
  Words: *a-ō bok eo
  Gloss: GENERAL.POSS.CLF-1SG.GEN book the.SG
  Translation: my book
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ 22_Noun Pronominal Possessor Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: bok eo a-ō
  Gloss: book the.SG GENERAL.POSS.CLF-1SG.GEN
  Translation: my book
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ A 01_Attributive Adjective Agreement Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: ļeo e=ar jek wa aetoktok eo.
  Gloss: the.man 3SG=PST make boat long.SG the.SG
  Translation: The man made the long boat.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
  Words: ļeo e=ar jek wa aettok kaņ.
  Gloss: the.man 3SG=PST make boat long.PL those
  Translation: The man made those long boats.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   A 02_Predicate Adjective Agreement NA Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   A 03_Degree Adjective NA Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   A 04_Adjective Degree NA Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   AuxSel 01_Auxiliary Selection NA Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ C 01_Complementizer Clause Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Tataō e=kar ron ke e=kar kokkure kōrkōr eo.
  Gloss: Tataō 3SG=PST hear that 3SG=PST destroy canoe the.SG
  Translation: Tataō heard that she destroyed the canoe.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ C 02_Clause Complementizer No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Tataō e=kar ron e=kar kokkure kōrkōr eo ke.
  Gloss: Tataō 3SG=PST hear 3SG=PST destroy canoe the.SG that
  Translation: Tataō heard that she destroyed the canoe.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ C 03_Adverbial_Subordinator Clause Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: I=j kakkije bwe i=jaad mōk
  Gloss: 1SG.AGR=PRS rest because 1SG.AGR=fairly be.tired
  Translation: I'm resting because I'm fairly tired.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ C 04_Clause Adverbial Subordinator No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Kwo=n jab mōmaelep e=naaj jako ek kaņe bwe.
  Gloss: 2SG=should NEG be.overanxious 3SG=fut be.gone fish those because
  Translation: You shouldn't be overanxious because those fish will leave.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   Extra Examples NA Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ N2 01_Numeral Noun (indefinite) Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: E-or ruo armej ilo mweo.
  Gloss: 3sg-exist two person in the.house
  Translation: There are two people in the house.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ N2 02_Noun Numeral (indefinite) No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *E-or armej ruo ilo mweo.
  Gloss: 3sg-exist person two in the.house
  Translation: There are two people in the house.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ N2 03_Numeral Noun (definite) No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Ruo kuuj ko r-ar cross iaļ eo.
  Gloss: two cat the.pl.nh 3pl-pst cross road the.sg
  Translation: The two cats crossed the road.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ N2 04_Noun Numeral (definite) Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Kuuj ko ruo r-ar cross iaļ eo.
  Gloss: cat the.pl.nh two 3pl-pst cross path the.sg
  Translation: The two cats crossed the path.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ N2 05_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) has a definite article Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Kuuj ko ruo r-ar cross iaļ eo.
  Gloss: cat the.pl.nh two 3pl-pst cross road the.sg
  Translation: The two cats crossed the road.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ N2 06_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) has a demonstrative Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Abnono kein ruo re-kar drelon jen ippen attorney eo.
  Gloss: complaint these two 3pl-pst submit from with attorney the.sg
  Translation: These two complaints were submitted by the attorney.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   N2 09_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) contains any other marking No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   N2 10_The Numeral has a different form in Definite and Indefinite (Num N, N Num) contexts No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   N2 11_The Noun has a different form in Definite and Indefinite (Num N, N Num) contexts No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ Neg 01_Standard Negation is Particle that Precedes the Verb Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: E-j jab maron̄ entak.
  Gloss: 3sg-prs neg can pick.green.coconuts.from.trees
  Translation: She can't pick green coconuts from trees.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   Neg 02_Standard Negation is Particle that Follows the verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 03_Standard Negation is Prefix No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 04_Standard Negation is Suffix No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 05_Standard Negation is Negative Auxiliary verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 06_Standard Negation is Higher verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 07_Standard Negation is Tone No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 08_Standard Negation is Tone plus Other Modification No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 09_Standard Negation is Reduplication No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 10_Standard Negation is Infix No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 11_Distinct Negation of Class/Property No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 12_Distinct Negation of identity No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 13_Distinct Negation of Existence Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Neg 14_Distinct Negation of Location No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ Order N3 01_ Demonstrative Adjective Noun No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Eo kileplep ļoon e=jorrāān.
  Gloss: the.SG big boat 3SG.AGR=be.broken
  Translation: The big boat is broken.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ Order N3 02_Demonstrative Noun Adjective No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Eo ļoon kileplep e=jorrāān.
  Gloss: the.SG boat big 3SG.AGR=be.broken
  Translation: The big boat is broken.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ Order N3 03_ Noun Adjective Demonstrative Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: ļeo e=ar jek wa aettok kaņ.
  Gloss: the.man 3SG.AGR=PST make boat long those
  Translation: The man made those long boats.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ Order N3 04_Noun Demonstrative Adjective No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *ļoon eo kileplep e=jorrāān.
  Gloss: boat the.SG big 3SG.AGR=be.broken
  Translation: The big boat is broken.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ Order N3 05_Adjective Demonstrative Noun No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Kileplep eo ļoon e=jorrāān.
  Gloss: big the.SG boat 3SG.AGR=be.broken
  Translation: The big boat is broken.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
+ Order N3 06_Adjective Noun Demonstrative No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: *Kileplep ļoon eo e=jorrāān.
  Gloss: big boat the.SG 3SG.AGR=be.broken
  Translation: The big boat is broken.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   Order N3 07_Demonstrative Numeral Noun No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Order N3 08_Demonstrative Noun Numeral No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Order N3 09_ Noun Numeral Demonstrative No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ Order N3 10_Noun Demonstrative Numeral Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Abnono kein ruo re-kar drelon jen ippen attorney eo.
  Gloss: complaint these two 3pl-pst submit from with attorney the.sg
  Translation: These two complaints were submitted by the attorney.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   Order N3 11_Numeral Demonstrative Noun No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Order N3 12_Numeral Noun Demonstrative No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q01_Initial polar Q-marker No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q02_Final polar Q-marker No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ Q03_Clause internal polar Q-marker Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Kwo-j etal ke n̄an Rita?
  Gloss: 2sg-prs go Q to Rita
  Translation: Are you going to Rita?
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   Q05_Polar question by V-fronting No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q06_Polar question by Auxiliary-fronting No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ Q08_Affirmative answer by particle Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Kwo-j etal ke n̄an Rita?
  Gloss: 2sg-prs go Q to Rita
  Translation: Are you going to Rita?
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
  Words: Aet
  Gloss: yes
  Translation: yes
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   Q09_Affirmative answer by verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q10_Affirmative answer by auxiliary No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q11_Affirmative answer by auxiliary and verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q12_Affirmative answer by particle and verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q13_Affirmative answer by predicative 'be' No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q14_Verb answer to indefinite subject question No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q15_Particle-and-verb answer to indefinite subject question No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
+ Q16NEGA_Negative answer by special negative particle Yes Heather Willson Sturman Forum
  Words: Kw-ar ke m̧ōn̄ā steak?
  Gloss: 2sg-pst Q eat steak
  Translation: Did you eat steak?
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
  Words: Jaab
  Gloss: no
  Translation: no
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman
   Q17NEGA_Negative answer by bare sentential negation No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q18NEGA_Negative answer by sentential negation plus bare verb No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q21ANegQ_Polarity-reversing particle No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   Q22ANegQ_Polarity-reversing answer by affirmative and special particle No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   V2 01_Declarative Verb-Second No Heather Willson Sturman Forum
   V2 02_Interrogative Verb-Second No Heather Willson Sturman Forum