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Values |
Contributor |
Comments |
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01_Subject Verb
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Ghi sijt noch ionc ende behoeft sere te wassen Gloss: You are.2pl still young and need much to grow Translation: you are still young and still need to grow a lot Comment: also with full NPs Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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02_Verb Subject
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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03_Verb Object
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Ende elken mensche doet sinen vrede Gloss: and every man does.3sg his.ACC peace Translation: and every man does his peace Comment: also with object pronouns Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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04_Object Verb
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: (...) wet wel, dat ic al dit niet dore v en hebbe gheseghet, mer... Gloss: know PRT, that I all this not by you NEG have said, but ... Translation: do know that I have not said all this because of you, but Comment: in composed tenses and embbeded clauses Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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05_Subject Verb Object
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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06_Subject Object Verb
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Want hi heuet v ghehuet van allen ocsune Gloss: For he has you saved from all sins Translation: For he has saved you from all sins Comment: in complex tenses and embedded clauses. SVO in main clauses is common as well. Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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07_Verb Subject Object
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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08_Verb Object Subject
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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09_Object Subject Verb
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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10_Object Verb Subject
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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11_Adposition Noun_Phrase
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
This is the standard order |
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Words: Tes hi quam te Maupertus /Ende vant Reynaerde in zijn huus Gloss: Until he came at Maupertus/ and found Reinaert in his house Translation: Until he came at Maupertus and found Reinaert at home Comment: prepositions are the common case of appositions; prepositions govern the dative, accusative or genitive case Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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12_Noun_Phrase Adposition
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Verware mijn stede di beneven Gloss: guard my place you next Translation: protect my place at your side Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Dlant dat hem lach beneven Gloss: the-land that him.DAT laid beside Translation: the land that was laying beside him Comment: Note: non-adjacency of NP and P; not clearly separable from the resultative particle construction Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Doe leedde hi tfolc den berghe bi Gloss: Then guided he the.ACC.N-people.ACC.N the.DAT.M mountain.DAT.M along Translation: Then he guided the people along the mountain Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Alle steden die den hemel zijn beneden Gloss: all towns that the-ACC sky/heaven.ACC are below Translation: all towns that are below heaven Comment: difficult to separate from adverbial use of 'beneden'. Non-adjacency is especially common if the NP has genitive case Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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13_Adjective Noun
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: dien groten werken Gloss: the.DAT great.DATworks.DAT Translation: the great works Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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14_Noun Adjective
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: tekene vele groot Gloss: signs much great Translation: very great signs Comment: post-verbally, the attributive adjective (groot) remains uninflected Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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15_Numeral Noun
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Harre drier namen Gloss: her.DAT three.DAT names.DAT Translation: to her three names Comment: this is the general case Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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16_Noun Numeral
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Si zochte.... of daer eneghe klavere stoet met bladen viere. Gloss: They looked if there any clover stood with leaves four.INF Translation: They looked if there was any clover with four leaves Comment: only in indefinite NPs (in poetry) Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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17_Demonstrative Noun
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: uut desen prisoen Gloss: out of this.ACC.M prison Translation: out of this prison Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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18_Noun Demonstrative
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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19_Possessor Noun
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: al Reinaerts maghen Gloss: all Reinaert.GEN kinsmen Translation: all Reinaert's family Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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20_Noun Possessor
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: op die goetheit gods Gloss: on the goodness God.GEN Translation: on the goodness of God Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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21_Pronominal Possessor Noun
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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22_Noun Pronominal Possessor
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Waer es die evangelie dijn Gloss: where is the.F gospel.F your.ø Translation: Where is your gospel? Comment: in post-nominal position, the pronoun remains uninflected Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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A 01_Attributive Adjective Agreement
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: te minre stede /te minen lande Gloss: at my.DAT.F place.F/ at my.DAT.N land.DAT.N Translation: at my place/land Comment: not visible in all Case-forms Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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A 02_Predicate Adjective Agreement
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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A 03_Degree Adjective
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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A 04_Adjective Degree
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Een cledekijn diere ghenouch Gloss: a cloth.DIM dear enough Translation: a rather precious small robe Comment: only with 'ghenoegh'; only with post-nominal and predictive adjectives (adverbs) Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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AuxSel 01_Auxiliary Selection
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: du hebste langhe genoech ghedwaelt/alle menschen die ghedwaelt sijn van minen lieven sone Gloss: thou hast long enough erred / all people that erred are from my dear son Translation: you have erred long enough / all people that went astray from my dear Son Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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C 01_Complementizer Clause
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: hi sal weten dattie goetheit sijns liefs meere es dan sijn sneuen. Gloss: he shall know that-the goodness his.GEN love.GEN more is than his perishing Translation: he must know that the goodness of his love is more than his perishing Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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C 02_Clause Complementizer
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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C 03_Adverbial_Subordinator Clause
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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C 04_Clause Adverbial Subordinator
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Extra Examples
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NA |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 01_Standard Negation is Particle that Precedes the Verb
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 02_Standard Negation is Particle that Follows the verb
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 03_Standard Negation is Prefix
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Hem en roeket wiet deerde Gloss: him NEG matter who-it harmed.3sg Translation: It did not matter to him to whom it did harm Comment: The negative pre-verbal clictic is always reinforced with other negative constituent, unless in the presence of an NPI (like 'roeken' in the example Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 04_Standard Negation is Suffix
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 05_Standard Negation is Negative Auxiliary verb
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 06_Standard Negation is Higher verb
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 07_Standard Negation is Tone
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 08_Standard Negation is Tone plus Other Modification
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 09_Standard Negation is Reduplication
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 10_Standard Negation is Infix
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 11_Distinct Negation of Class/Property
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 12_Distinct Negation of identity
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 13_Distinct Negation of Existence
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Neg 14_Distinct Negation of Location
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 01_ Demonstrative Adjective Noun
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 02_Demonstrative Noun Adjective
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Die helege ewangelie waer Gloss: the.F holy.F gospel true.ø Translation: the holy true gospel Comment: the prost nominal adjective remains uninflected Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 03_ Noun Adjective Demonstrative
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 04_Noun Demonstrative Adjective
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 05_Adjective Demonstrative Noun
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 06_Adjective Noun Demonstrative
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 07_Demonstrative Numeral Noun
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Tot den twe cnapen Gloss: to the.DAT twee boys.DAT Translation: to the two boys Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 08_Demonstrative Noun Numeral
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Daer ghescieden der mieraclen twee Gloss: There happened the.GEN miracles.pl two Translation: There happened two miracles Comment: I do not consider this an instance, as the pre-numeral constituent has genitive Case. With indefinite NPs postposition of Num is common, see 16 Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 09_ Noun Numeral Demonstrative
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 10_Noun Demonstrative Numeral
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 11_Numeral Demonstrative Noun
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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Order N3 12_Numeral Noun Demonstrative
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No |
Gertjan Postma |
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V2 01_Declarative Verb-Second
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Bi ghenen twiuele noch bi ghenen onspoede en suldi laten doecht te werkene Gloss: Upon no doubt nor upon any misfortune NEG shall-you abstain virtue to work Translation: Under no circumstances shall you abstain from doing virtue Comment: V2 is the standard pattern. The preverbal negative clitic does not count for V2. Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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V2 02_Interrogative Verb-Second
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Yes |
Gertjan Postma |
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Words: Egidius, waer bestu bleven? Gloss: Egidius, where are-you remained? Translation: Egidius, where have you gone? Comment: The negative clitic does not count for V2 Contributor: Gertjan Postma |
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