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Tagalog

General Info
  ISO 639-3 Code: tgl
  latlong: 13.35,121.10  Map it!
Properties Values Contributor Comments  
   01_Subject Verb No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ 02_Verb Subject Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Dating ang babae.
  Gloss: arrive Abs woman
  Translation: The woman arrived.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ 03_Verb Object Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: bili nang kotse
  Gloss: buy Obl car
  Translation: bought a car
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   04_Object Verb No Edith Aldridge Forum
   05_Subject Verb Object No Edith Aldridge Forum
   06_Subject Object Verb No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ 07_Verb Subject Object Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Bili nang babae ang kotse.
  Gloss: buy Erg woman Abs car
  Translation: The woman bought the car.
  Comment: In transitive clauses with an ergative external argument and absolutive internal argument, the order in which the ergative argument immediately follows the verb is strongly preferred.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ 08_Verb Object Subject Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Bili nang kotse ang babae.
  Gloss: buy Obl car Abs woman
  Translation: The woman bought a car.
  Comment: In an antipassive, in which the external argument has absolutive case and the direct object has oblique case, both VSO and VOS order are possible.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   09_Object Subject Verb No Edith Aldridge Forum
   10_Object Verb Subject No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ 11_Adposition Noun_Phrase Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: sa bahay
  Gloss: P house
  Translation: 'in the house'/'at home'
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   12_Noun_Phrase Adposition No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ 13_Adjective Noun Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: maganda-ng babae
  Gloss: beautiful-Lk woman
  Translation: 'beautiful woman'
  Comment: The 'Lk' 'ng' is a linker which occurs between a modifier and the modified head.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ 14_Noun Adjective Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: babae-ng maganda
  Gloss: woman-Lk beautiful
  Translation: beautiful woman
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ 15_Numeral Noun Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: isa-ng babae
  Gloss: one-Lk woman
  Translation: one woman
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   16_Noun Numeral No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ 17_Demonstrative Noun Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: ito-ng babae
  Gloss: this-Lk woman
  Translation: this woman
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ 18_Noun Demonstrative Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: babae-ng ito
  Gloss: woman-Lk Dem
  Translation: this woman
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   19_Possessor Noun No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ 20_Noun Possessor Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: libro nang babae
  Gloss: book Gen woman
  Translation: a/the woman's book
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ 21_Pronominal Possessor Noun Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: akin-g libro
  Gloss: 1s-book
  Translation: my book
  Comment: Prenominal possession requires the non-clitic pronominal form.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ 22_Noun Pronominal Possessor Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: libro ko
  Gloss: book 1s.Gen
  Translation: my book
  Comment: Post-nominal pronominal possessors are clitics.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ A 01_Attributive Adjective Agreement Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: ma-ta-talino-ng (mga) bata
  Gloss: Pre-Red-smart-Lk (Pl) child
  Translation: 'smart children'
  Comment: Reduplication of the first consonant and vowel of the root of the adjective shows agreement with a plural head noun. Addition of the 'ma-' prefix is necessary for an adjective root to be used either predicatively or attributively.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ A 02_Predicate Adjective Agreement Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Ma-ta-talino ang (mga) bata.
  Gloss: Pre-Red-smart Abs (Pl) child
  Translation: 'The children are smart.'
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ A 03_Degree Adjective Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: masyado-ng marami-ng libro
  Gloss: too-Lk many-Lk book
  Translation: too many books
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ A 04_Adjective Degree No Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: ?*ma-ganda-ng lalo
  Gloss: ADJ-beauty-LNK more
  Translation: (for, 'more beautiful')
  Contributor: Daniel Kaufman
   AuxSel 01_Auxiliary Selection No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ C 01_Complementizer Clause Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Sabi ng babae-ng dating ang lalaki kahapon.
  Gloss: say Erg woman-Lk arrive Abs man yesterday
  Translation: The woman said that the man arrived yesterday.
  Comment: The linker 'ng' functions as the complementizer.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   C 02_Clause Complementizer No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ C 03_Adverbial_Subordinator Clause Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: linis ng babae ang bahay bago siya alis.
  Gloss: clean Erg woman Abs house before 3.Sg.Abs leave
  Translation: The woman cleaned the house before she left.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   C 04_Clause Adverbial Subordinator No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Extra Examples NA Edith Aldridge Forum
+ N2 01_Numeral Noun (indefinite) Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Na-ka-kita=ako ng dalawa-ng bata.
  Gloss: PERF-INTR-see=1.S.ABS OBL two-LK child
  Translation: I saw two children.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   N2 02_Noun Numeral (indefinite) No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ N2 03_Numeral Noun (definite) Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Na-kita=ko ang dalawa-ng bata.
  Gloss: PERF-see=1S.ERG ABS two-LK child
  Translation: I saw the two children.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   N2 04_Noun Numeral (definite) No Edith Aldridge Forum
   N2 05_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) has a definite article No Edith Aldridge Forum
   N2 06_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) has a demonstrative Yes Edith Aldridge Definite NPs can occur with demonstratives, but the demonstrative is not obligatory. Forum
   N2 07_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) lacks a definite article or demonstrative Yes Edith Aldridge If an NP is the absolutive of its clause, it will typically bave a definite or generic interpretation. The definite interpretation does not depend on the presence of a demonstrative. Forum
+ N2 08_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) contains a Plural marker, but Indefinite NP does not No Edith Aldridge Both definite and indefinite NPs can take the plural marker 'mga'. But the plural marker does not generally co-occur with a numeral. If it does, then a proximate reading is obtained instead of plurality. Forum
  Words: Na-ka-kita=ako ng mga sampu-ng bata.
  Gloss: PERF-INTR-see=1S.ABS OBL PL 10-LK child
  Translation: I saw approximately 10 children.
  Comment: If the plural marker precedes the numeral, then a proximate reading obtains.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
  Words: Na-ka-kita=ako ng sampu-ng bata.
  Gloss: PERF-INTR-see=1S.ABS OBL 10-LK child
  Translation: I saw ten children.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
  Words: Na-ka-kita=ako ng sampu-ng mga bata.
  Gloss: PERF-INTR-see=1S.ABS OBL 10-LK PL child
  Translation: I saw ten kids.
  Comment: If the plural marker follows the number, then the plural reading obtains.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   N2 09_Definite NP (Num N, N Num) contains any other marking No Edith Aldridge Forum
   N2 10_The Numeral has a different form in Definite and Indefinite (Num N, N Num) contexts No Edith Aldridge Forum
   N2 11_The Noun has a different form in Definite and Indefinite (Num N, N Num) contexts No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 01_Standard Negation is Particle that Precedes the Verb No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 02_Standard Negation is Particle that Follows the verb No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 03_Standard Negation is Prefix No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 04_Standard Negation is Suffix No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ Neg 05_Standard Negation is Negative Auxiliary verb Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Hindi dating ang babae.
  Gloss: not arrive Abs woman
  Translation: The woman did not arrive.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   Neg 06_Standard Negation is Higher verb No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 07_Standard Negation is Tone No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 08_Standard Negation is Tone plus Other Modification No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 09_Standard Negation is Reduplication No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 10_Standard Negation is Infix No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 11_Distinct Negation of Class/Property No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Neg 12_Distinct Negation of identity No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ Neg 13_Distinct Negation of Existence Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Wala-ng pera ang babae.
  Gloss: not.exist-Lk money Abs woman
  Translation: The woman does not have any money.
  Comment: There is one negator for existence and location which is distinct from the auxiliary verb negation.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Neg 14_Distinct Negation of Location Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Wala dito ang babae.
  Gloss: not.exist here Abs woman
  Translation: The woman is not here.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Order N3 01_ Demonstrative Adjective Noun Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: ito-ng maganda-ng babae
  Gloss: this-Lk beautiful-Lk woman
  Translation: this beautiful woman
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Order N3 02_Demonstrative Noun Adjective Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: ito-ng babae-ng maganda
  Gloss: this-Lk woman-Lk beautiful
  Translation: this beautiful woman
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   Order N3 03_ Noun Adjective Demonstrative No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Order N3 04_Noun Demonstrative Adjective No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Order N3 05_Adjective Demonstrative Noun No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ Order N3 06_Adjective Noun Demonstrative Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: maganda-ng babae-ng ito
  Gloss: beautiful-Lk woman-Lk Dem
  Translation: 'this beautiful woman'
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Order N3 07_Demonstrative Numeral Noun Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: isa-ng dalawa-ng tao
  Gloss: this-LK two-LK person
  Translation: these two people
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   Order N3 08_Demonstrative Noun Numeral No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Order N3 09_ Noun Numeral Demonstrative No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Order N3 10_Noun Demonstrative Numeral No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Order N3 11_Numeral Demonstrative Noun No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ Order N3 12_Numeral Noun Demonstrative Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: dalawa-ng tao-ng ito
  Gloss: two-LK person-LK this
  Translation: these two people
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   Q01_Initial polar Q-marker No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Q02_Final polar Q-marker No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ Q03_Clause internal polar Q-marker Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Bili=ba ng babae ang libro?
  Gloss: buy=Q ERG woman ABS book
  Translation: Did the woman buy the book?
  Comment: The Q-marker is a second position clitic, generally appearing after the first prosodic word in the tensed clause.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   Q04_Polar question by intonation No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Q05_Polar question by V-fronting No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Q06_Polar question by Auxiliary-fronting No Edith Aldridge Forum
+ Q07_Q-marker follows narrow focus Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Sa Maynila=ba mag-a-aral ang anak=mo?
  Gloss: in Manila=Q Intr-Red-study Abs child=2s.Gen
  Translation: Is it in Manila that your child will study?
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Q08_Affirmative answer by particle Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Q: Bi-bili=ka=ba ng kape? A: Oo.
  Gloss: Q: Red-buy=2s.Abs-Q Obl coffee A: yes
  Translation: Are you going to buy coffee? Yes.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Q09_Affirmative answer by verb Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Q: Bi-bili=ka=ba ng kape? A: Bi-bili.
  Gloss: Q: Red-buy=2s.Abs=Q Obl coffee / A: Red-buy
  Translation: Q: Are you going to buy coffee? A: Yes.
  Comment: This is possible for some speakers, but some speakers can only answer with the particle 'oo'.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Q10_Affirmative answer by auxiliary Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Q: Dapat=ba-ng bili si Maria ng kape? A: Dapat.
  Gloss: Q: should=Q=Lk buy Abs.PN Maria Obl coffee / A: should
  Translation: Q: Should Maria buy coffee? A: Yes.
  Comment: This is accepted by some speakers but not all. The most accepted answer uses the particle 'oo'.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Q11_Affirmative answer by auxiliary and verb Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Q: Dapat=ba-ng bili si Maria ng kape? A: Dapat bili.
  Gloss: Q: should=Q-Lk buy Abs.PN Maria Obl coffee / A: should buy
  Translation: Q: Should Maria buy coffee? A: Yes.
  Comment: This is accepted by some but not all speakers. The most accepted answer uses the particle 'oo'.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
+ Q12_Affirmative answer by particle and verb Yes Edith Aldridge Forum
  Words: Q: Bi-bili=ba si Maria ng kape? A: Oo, bi-bili.
  Gloss: Q: Red-buy=Q Abs.PN Maria Obl coffee / A: yes Red-buy
  Translation: Will Maria buy coffee? Yes, she will.
  Contributor: Edith Aldridge
   Q13_Affirmative answer by predicative 'be' No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Q14_Verb answer to indefinite subject question No Edith Aldridge Forum
   Q15_Particle-and-verb answer to indefinite subject question No Edith Aldridge Forum
   V2 01_Declarative Verb-Second No Edith Aldridge Forum
   V2 02_Interrogative Verb-Second No Edith Aldridge Forum