Neg 01_Standard Negation is Particle that Precedes the Verb

  Words: Gopnyan hana geu-poh aseé nyan baroe.
  Gloss: 3(polite) NEG 3(polite)-hit dog that yesterday
  Translation: He didn't hit the dog yesterday.
  Comment: alternation between hana and han; possible that hana is segmentable into ha+na where na is a marker of existence.
  Contributor: Julie Legate

  Words: Ek het nie daardie argument verstaan nie
  Gloss: I have not that argument understood NEG
  Translation: I didn't understand that argument
  Comment: Since Afrikaans is a Verb Second (V2) language, with the finite verb systematically undergoing movement to clause-second position in main clauses, there are cases where the Standard Negation marker (clause-internal "nie") will surface before the lexical verb, i.e. those in which the lexical verb is non-finite. This is also always the case in embedded clauses, where all verbal elements surface in a clause-final cluster.
  Contributor: Theresa Biberauer

  Words: kòfí N dí (má̰) bɛ̀dɛ̀ bɛ̀dɛ̀
  Gloss: Koffi Part manger Nég manioc
  Translation: Koffi ne mange pas du manioc.
  Comment: La négation se caractérise par un morphème discontinu [N… má̰] qui encadre de part et d’autres le verbe, d’où la structure [N __verbe__ má̰]. Mais, il arrive que dans un énoncé, seul la particule [N] ne soit retenue.
  Contributor: Amoikon Dyhié ASSANVO

  Words: Nuk fola. / S’fola.
  Gloss: not spoke.1S / not’spoke.1S
  Translation:  I did not speak.
  Comment: The negative particles nuk and/or s’ are used when the verb is in Indicative and Admirative mood. Mos is used with Subjunctives, Imperatives, Optatives. Pa is used with Gerunds.
  Contributor: Dalina Kallulli

  Words: emè ekeínē hē arkhḕ ouk exéplēxen
  Gloss: I-ACC DEM-NOM.M.SG ART-NOM.F.SG government-NOM.F.SG NEG frighten-PST.3SG
  Translation: That government did not frighten me
  Comment: Plato, Apologia Socratis, 32d4
  Contributor: Richard Faure

  Words: Ahmed maa qaraa al-ketab
  Gloss: Ahmed NEG read.PST DET-book
  Translation: Ahmed didnt read the book
  Contributor: Shaikha Saeed

  Words: Todor ne praznuv-a Nov-a Godina
  Gloss: Todor NEG party.IPFV-3.SG.PRS New-F.SG Year.F.SG
  Translation: Todor does not party at/for New Year's
  Comment: used in sentences with non-future time reference
  Contributor: Ljuba Veselinova

  Words: Tinhpei a=ye' ma-thau' hpu:
  Gloss: Tinpe liquor NEG-drink NEG
  Translation: Tinpe doesn't drink.
  Contributor: Timothy Ho

  Words: N ba nyuuro daa
  Gloss: 1SG NEG drink.IMP alcohol
  Translation: I dont drink alcohol
  Contributor: Adams Bodomo

  Words: Mɐdinɐ Soslan-i nɐ=warz-uj
  Gloss: Madina Soslan-OBL NEG=love-PRS.3SG
  Translation: Madina doesn't love Soslan
  Contributor: David Erschler

  Words: nɐ=j warz-un
  Gloss: NEG=ACC.3SG love-PRS.1SG
  Translation: I don't love him/her/it
  Contributor: David Erschler

  Words: ik denk dat Marie gisteren niet met Jan over het weer heeft gepraat
  Gloss: I think that Marie yesterday NEG with John about the weather has talked
  Translation: I think that Mary did not talk about the weather with John yesterday
  Comment: The negation niet is at the left edge of the "VP" ; specific non focused objects must precede niet. The folllowing follow niet: non focused, PPs, (directional, dative, instrumentals, commitatives, localitive, idiomatic PPs, small clause complements/separable particles, and the verb cluster (containing the finite verb in non root sentences, and the cluster minus the finite verb in root environments
  Contributor: Hilda Koopman

  Words: Ik denk dat Marie de brief gisteren niet op de post gedaan heeft
  Gloss: I think that Marie the letter yesterday NEG in de mail done has
  Translation: I think that Marie didn't put the letter in the mail yesterday
  Comment: NEG does not immediate precede V, but the verb phrase. (non focused definite objects must precede niet)
  Contributor: Hilda Koopman

  Words: Não quero ir
  Gloss: not want.prs.ind.1sg go.inf
  Translation: I don't want to go
  Contributor: Salvador Mascarenhas

  Words: Je ne sais pas.
  Gloss: 1SG NEG know-PRS NEG.
  Translation: I do not know.
  Comment: ne is often pronounced (but sometimes just very reduced).
  Contributor: Hannah Kim

  Words: Den evgala poles fotografies.
  Gloss: NEG took many pictures
  Translation: I did not take many pictures.
  Comment: The negative particle 'den' is used with Indicatives. 'Mi(n)' is used with Subjunctives and Gerunds.
  Contributor: Arhonto Terzi

  Words: ní à lìn ɖɔ̀ àsíbá ná dà mì bé à má bí kpálí
  Gloss: if 2sg think that Asiba Fut marry 1sg.Acc then 2sg Neg smart at.all
  Translation: If you think that Asiba will marry me, then you are really not smart.
  Contributor: Enoch Oladé Aboh

  Words: Kati nem szalad.
  Gloss: Kati[NOM] not run[3SG.PRS.IND]
  Translation: Kati isn't running
  Contributor: Anna Szabolcsi

  Words: Maria non parla (Cinese)
  Gloss: Maria not talks (Chinese)
  Translation: Maria does not talk (Chinese)
  Contributor: Adriana Belletti

  Words: Chelswu-ka an nolayha-yess-ta.
  Gloss: Chelswu-NOM NEG sing-PST-DECL
  Translation: Chelsswu did not sing.
  Comment: This property applies to short negation in Korean.
  Contributor: Chung-hye Han

  Words: lócə̏ pé òbɪ́nô pàcó
  Gloss: man neg come.3SG.PRF home
  Translation: The man didn't come home (Noonan 1992: 122 ex. 2.)
  Contributor: Arwa Rangwala

  Words: ta bu xihuan wo
  Gloss: 3S NEG like 1S
  Translation: He doesn't like me.
  Contributor: Timothy Ho

  Words: E-j jab maron̄ entak.
  Gloss: 3sg-prs neg can pick.green.coconuts.from.trees
  Translation: She can't pick green coconuts from trees.
  Contributor: Heather Willson Sturman

  Words: Nʉ̀mí kʉ̀? nɛ́ kʉ̀lɔ̀
  Gloss: Numi NEG cook banana
  Translation: Numi did not cook banana
  Contributor: KEUPDJIO HERMANN SIDOINE

  Words: fà ta bǝtá zhaak-uw
  Gloss: you (ms) Neg1 untie donkey-Neg2
  Translation: 'Don't untie the donkey' (p.280)
  Contributor: Michael A. Estrada

  Words: Axcanah qui-nequi ma ni-huetzca
  Gloss: NEG 3SG.O-want IMP 1SG.S-laugh
  Translation: ‘he/she doesn’t want me to laugh’
  Comment: Language Consultant: Eduardo de la Cruz
  Contributor: John Garcia

  Words: à bɛ̀ tógə́dá búrúgù
  Gloss: he not attach-perf goat+cm(go)
  Translation: ‘he has not attached a goat’ (46).
  Comment: special form for negation in perfective (low tone); it looks like the copula bE, and resembles do-support a bit. (it precedes the verb with perfective suffix, but the suffix is slightly different. All setting and examples come from the database from a two quarter fieldmethods class at UCLA in 1998. (Albro, 1998)
  Contributor: Hannah Kim

  Words: Musa e (/) ba nakan a.
  Gloss: Musa PRS NEG cut meat NEG
  Translation: 'Musa isn't cutting the meat.'
  Comment: (/) is the pre-verbal negative morpheme whose exponent is a floating High tone. The other negative particle, 'a', follows the verb+object and bears a Low tone.
  Contributor: Jason Kandybowicz

  Comment: contraction often before verbs beginning with a vowel, h or w: ne waes -> naes (was not), ne is -> nis (is not), ne haebbe -> naebbe (had not)
  Contributor: Willem Koopman

  Words:  jeet ne eh kitaab nahin parhee
  Gloss: Jeet erg this book not read
  Translation: Jeet did not read this book
  Comment:  The negation element used in imperatives is 'na'-do'nt.
  Contributor: Gurprit Bains

  Words: nie pracuję, nie chcę, nie muszę, nie jestem
  Gloss: neg work.1sg, neg want.1sg, neg must.1sg, not am.1sg
  Translation: I don't work', 'I don't want', 'I don't have to', 'I'm not'
  Comment: Sentential negation is obligatorily preverbal in Polish, although it is not a prefix. Negation may not be separated from the verb even by reflexive or pronominal clitics (Błaszczak 2001, Migdalski 2006). The same particle "nie" is used for constituent negation, but sentential negation can be reliably distinguished by obligatory genitive case on the direct object (constituent negation has no effect on case). Sentential negation imposes stress shift on the verbal element that is negated so that it forms a p
  Contributor: Barbara Tomaszewicz

  Words: Flickan har inte ätit glass.
  Gloss: girl.DEF has NEG eaten ice-cream
  Translation: The girl has not eaten ice-cream.
  Comment: The V2 property of Swedish makes the negation 'inte' precede the lexical verb if there is an auxiliary.
  Contributor: fredrik heinat

  Words: Flickan kan inte ha ätit glass.
  Gloss: girl.DEF can NEG have eaten ice-cream
  Translation: The girl cannot have eaten ice-cream.
  Comment: Negation follows the finite verb and precedes all non-finite verbs in main clauses. In subordinate clauses negation precedes all verbs, even finite verbs
  Contributor: fredrik heinat

  Words: Inte har flickan ätit glass.
  Gloss: NEG has girl.DEF eaten ice-cream
  Translation: The girl has not eaten ice-cream.
  Comment: Negation can be topicalized.
  Contributor: fredrik heinat

  Words: Taras ne napysav dopovid'
  Gloss: Taras NEG wrote report
  Translation: Taras didn't write a/the report
  Contributor: Roksolana Mykhaylyk

  Words: dat Valère dat niet weet
  Gloss: that Valère that not know-3sg
  Translation: 'that Valère doesn't know that'
  Contributor: Liliane Haegeman

  Words: dat Valère dat niet en-weet
  Gloss: that Valère that not en knows
  Translation: 'that Valère doesn't know that'
  Comment: the preverbal particle en is restricted to finite negative contexts but it cannot on its own express negation. It is optional and introduces a pragmatic value: the negative proposition is contrary to what would be inferrable from the discourse/situation.
  Contributor: Liliane Haegeman